RockVault
Copper

Image: <bdi><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126871368" class="extiw" title="d:Q126871368"><span title="photographer from the United States">Darla Sondrol</span></a></bdi> (CC0)

cubicuncommonNative Elements

Copper

Cu

This specimen displays tarnished, very dark reddish-brown native copper, intergrown with vibrant green malachite and deep blue azurite.

Copper Physical Properties

Mohs Hardness

2.5

Crystal System

cubic

Luster

metallic

Streak Color

copper-red

Cleavage

none

Fracture

hackly

Specific Gravity

8.95

Colors

copper-red, reddish-brown, dark brown, black

Transparency

opaque

Type Locality

Michigan, USA (historically significant); also Bolivia, Russia, Australia

Mineral Group

Native Elements

Uses

electrical conductor, coinage, alloys, industrial, collector

Associated Minerals

malachite, azurite, cuprite, silver, epidote, calcite, quartz

Rarity

uncommon

Geological Context

Native copper forms in various geological settings, including the oxidized zones of copper sulfide deposits, in basaltic lavas (e.g., Lake Superior region), and in hydrothermal veins. It can also occur as a primary mineral in some igneous rocks.